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The dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect, indicative of the transient light-matter
interaction regime between quantum and classical realms, is widely recognized
as an essential signature in wide bandgap condensed matter systems such as
dielectrics. In this study, we applied the time-resolved transient absorption
spectroscopy to investigate ultrafast optical responses in graphene, a
zero-bandgap system. We observed in the gate-tuned graphene that the massless
Dirac materials notably enhance intraband light-driven transitions,
significantly leading to the giant dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect compared to
the massive Dirac materials, a wide bandgap system. In addition, employing the
angle-resolved spectroscopy, it is found that the perpendicular polarization
orientation for the pump and the probe further pronounces the optical spectra
to exhibit the complete fishbone structure, reflecting the unique pseudospin
nature of Dirac cones. Our findings expand the establishment of emergent
transient spectroscopy frameworks into not only zero-bandgap systems but also
pseudospin-mediated quantum phenomena, moving beyond dielectrics.
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